Escalating wildfire smoke from fires burning across eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, Idaho and parts of Canada is degrading air quality in the northern United States, prompting health agencies to issue emergency guidance for people with asthma.
Health officials warn of rising asthma risks
During a 2024 webinar, Christopher Carlsten, MD, director of the Centre for Lung Health, warned that the thick plume of smoke is “significantly degrading” air quality and poses a serious threat to asthma patients. He noted that exposure to fine particle matter (PM2.5) drives higher use of rescue inhalers, increases physician visits, and leads to more emergency department trips.
Co‑speaker Emily Brigham, MD, an assistant professor of respiratory medicine at the University of British Columbia, added that the same pollutants raise mortality rates during major smoke events. Both experts said the current blaze, sparked by lightning from a recent monsoon storm, is a preview of what researchers expect to see more often as climates warm.
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He explained that the fire problem is predicted to become not only worse but also a larger part of the overall public‑health challenge.
Guidance for people with asthma
Asthma Canada has released a five‑point checklist for individuals coping with the smoke. The steps include monitoring fire activity and local air‑quality indices, keeping an up‑to‑date asthma action plan, and using a home air purifier.
Patients are also urged to stay hydrated, adhere to prescribed medication, and limit outdoor exertion when pollution peaks. If stepping outside is unavoidable, the organization recommends a well‑fitting N‑95 respirator, keeping inhalers handy, and sealing vehicle windows while using the recirculate setting on the car’s climate control.
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Brigham emphasized the need for ongoing communication with physicians, noting that “if you can see or smell smoke, your air quality risk is very high,” but also that invisible pollutants can still pose danger.
More than 900 wildfires are active in Canada, with Ontario reporting its worst season on record.
